During this discussion about the characterization of multiple sclerosis (MS), Fred Lublin, MD, defines the 4 subtypes of MS: relapsing-remitting MS, secondary-progressive MS, primary-progressive MS, and progressive-relapsing MS.
Patricia K. Coyle, MD, joins the discussion and describes the relationship between clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) to MS. Dr Coyle explains the importance of these more recent clinical courses when studying the diagnosis or development of MS.
Trends in Hospital Pricing for Vulnerable Emergency Department Users, 2021-2023
December 4th 2025Self-pay emergency department prices rose significantly from 2021 to 2023, especially at for-profit and system-affiliated hospitals, highlighting growing affordability challenges for uninsured and underinsured patients.
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