Respiratory

Researchers said they have identified the mechanics that link a pro-inflammatory lipid in the infant microbiome at birth to the later development of allergies and asthma.

While poor sleep quality is common in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), it is unclear which factors other than sleep disordered breathing may contribute to poor sleep quality for these patients. A study published in ERJ Open Research found that providers should target depression and coexisting sleep disorders in order to improve sleep quality and quality of life for patients with ILD.

Researchers said if the findings are confirmed, pregnant women may want to limit their time outdoors when air quality advisories indicate unhealthy conditions.

An anaysis of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diagnostic tests for 15 years, water disinfection treatment, and water sources has found that where a city gets it water can increase the risk of NTM infection more than how the water is treated.

Doctors writing for the American Academy of Pediatrics say 80% of the cases of a rare condition, paradoxical vocal fold motion, are confused with asthma.

As President Trump spoke about the environment and the economy, the American Lung Association and the American Public Health Association said that they will sue the administration over its decision to repeal the Clean Power Plan, which was passed under the Obama administration to reduce carbon pollution from power plants.

Early detection and treatment of lung cancer through screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) has been investigated as a potential tool for reducing lung cancer deaths, the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, for more than 2 decades. Published this week was an extended follow up study to the 2011 randomized National Lung Screening Trial that found a similar number of patients must be screened to prevent cancer deaths as determined in the original analysis.

A recent review looked at 2 types of eosinophilic pneumonia: acute eosinophilic pneumonia and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.

The FDA has approved dupilumab (Dupixent) for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Authors say more work is needed to understand the mechanisms behind their findings.

According to a study published earlier this week, nearly 95% of healthcare workers risk potentially transmitting respiratory viruses to both patients and coworkers by attending work even when they show symptoms.

European researchers said they have mapped the human lung on a single-cell level, differentiating cell types between patients with asthma and those without, including the discovery of a new cell state that produces mucus in asthma. This understanding could lead to finding new drug targets for treating asthma, the researchers said.

According to a recent study presented at the American Thoracic Society International Conference in Dallas, Texas, and simultaneously published in the New England Journal of Medicine, nearly three-fourths of patients with mild, persistent asthma had a low sputum eosinophil levels and did not differ in their response to either mometasone or tiotropium when compared with placebo.

A recent study showed that older adults with uncontrolled asthma can benefit from interventions that tailor self-management support to improve various factors that impede asthma control, including those related to psychosocial, health, function, and cognitive barriers.

According to new research, recent advances in acoustic engineering and artificial intelligence have “shown promise” in the identification of respiratory conditions based on sound analysis, which may thus reduce dependence on support services and clinical expertise.

A recent joint American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society statement urged policymakers and clinicians to take seriously the role that inhaled vapors, gas, dust, or fumes have in creating occupational respiratory disease.

Children allergic to peanuts have higher total healthcare costs and consume more healthcare services, including emergency department (ED) visits, and had comorbidities of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, than those without the allergy.

Researchers in Australia studying thunderstorm-triggered asthma suggested that ways to better stratify at-risk individuals are needed.

Researchers recently conducted a study in which they trained an artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning tool to detect lung cancer tumors in computed tomography scans. The algorithm's evaluation was then compared with that of 6 radiologists, and the results showed that the AI was more accurate when prior CT imaging was not available.

Vermont's Attorney General has sued the Sackler family, owners of Purdue Pharma, for allegedly directing a deceptive opioid marketing campain; drug manufacturer Eli Lilly has offered a half-priced, generic version of Humalog insulin; asthma rates for children fell in Los Angeles after air quality improved.

Increased use of primary care could lower rates of respiratory failure and reduce admissions to intensive care units.

A health tracking app that monitors asthma control in children in real time and sends medication reminders successfully reduced emergency department visits as well as the use of inhaled corticosteroids, according to a new study.

A recent study assessed patients’ preferred route of administering biologic drugs for severe asthma, as well as their related beliefs and preferences. The authors said convenience and efficacy beliefs about pharmaceuticals are important for physicians to understand in order to share decision making with patients.

According to a recent study, patients with common lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung fibrosis are significantly more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) found that childhood-onset asthma was associated with nearly 3 times as many genes as asthma that develops in adults, in which environmental factors play a much bigger role.

Using a form of artificial intelligence called natural language processing (NLP) to mine information in electronic health records (EHRs) can uncover early cases of childhood asthma more quickly, reducing the long-term morbidity of this chronic disease, improve current care, and streamline and advance new therapeutic discoveries.

In a proof-of-concept study recently published in Science Translational Medicine, researchers from Penn Medicine and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia were able to edit out a lethal lung disease using CRISPR in utero mice models.